Structural analysis of temporary shelters: evaluation of a geodesic dome against landslides

Resumo

The loss of housing due to natural disasters exposes vulnerable populations to precarious conditions, requiring the development of temporary shelters resistant to extreme events. The objective of this work is to evaluate the structural resistance of a temporary shelter in the shape of a geodesic dome against landslides, using a mechanical protective cover. The methodology consisted of building a modular physical model and performing physical tests on a variable inclined plane apparatus. Three inclination scenarios (17°, 35°, and 55°) were simulated using a soil mass of 1.0 kg. The results demonstrated that the increase in angulation correlates directly with the increase in mass velocity (reaching 1.02 m/s at 55°). In all scenarios, the mechanical protection barrier dissipated the kinetic energy of the soil, preserving the integrity of the dome. It is concluded that the proposed model is a viable solution for areas of geotechnical risk, and that future automation of structural defense systems can significantly mitigate socio-environmental vulnerability.